Amelanotic melanoma can be described as a colorless melanoma that can be detected only after a close skin examination. The term is used for both melanomas with minimal residual pigmentation and amelanotic lesions with no pigmentation. In recent times, melanomas with faint pigmentation are called hypomelanotic melanomas. Amelanotic can be translated as ‘without melanin’. When it comes to amelanotic melanomas, the melanoma cells can’t produce mature melanin granules, which results in absence of those granules. 

What is amelanotic melanoma?

Amelanotic melanoma usually appears as a lesion with no or little color. It may also appear to be scar-like white, pink or red. Its border is irregularly faintly pigmented and its shape is asymmetrical. As you already know, amelanotic actually means without melanin. It is a general subcategory rather than a specific type. However, the condition is most often ignored until it is too late (because it lacks dark coloration), which is why it is also included under specific types. Any type of melanoma can be amelanotic. However, desmoplastic melanoma is the name of a particular amelanotic variety. Desmoplastic melanoma is usually found in lentigo maligna lesions, in acral lentiginous melanomas located under the nail bed (subungually) or after cryotherapy. Lesions that grow right next to a melanoma treated in the past or appear to be scar-like have to be examined at short notice. One study shows that there is a one year delay on average in diagnosing this condition. This is mostly because of the lack of pigmentation and various treatments for all kinds of misdiagnoses. This is the main reason why the condition is already advanced when first diagnosed.

Symptoms of amelanotic melanoma

Amelanotic melanoma can be characterized with completely uncolored, light colored (white or pink), or flesh colored skin growths. These growths on the skin are the main symptom of this condition. They are less noticeable because they lack pigmentation. Generally, the lesions are lightly pigmented and their borders are very asymmetrical. Any melanoma type can have amelanotic or non pigmented growths. These growths can be of any shape and size. They can also be located anywhere on the body. Usually, they are located alongside lentigo maligna growths or under the nails. Lentigo maligna growths are most likely to be flat and they can be found on the neck and face. There are also amelanotic nodular melanoma growths. These are dome shaped and tall. The symptoms may vary from one individual to another. That’s why it is of utmost importance to consult with a doctor if you have any unusual symptoms.

Risk factors and treatment of amelanotic melanoma

The risk factors of amelanotic melanoma and any other melanoma type are light complexion, sun exposure, large number of moles and abnormally shaped moles, as well as a history of melanoma conditions in the family. Surgery is usually not recommended for these types of lesions since the technology is not that advanced yet; however, it is still an option. In some cases, chemotherapy might be necessary if the lesions advance to cancer. Consult your doctor immediately if you notice amelanotic lesions.